rat recombinant fgf21  (R&D Systems)

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: FGF21 mRNA [ Fig. 2A1 ] and protein expression [ Fig. 2A2 ]; βKlotho mRNA [ Fig. 2A3 ] and protein expression [ Fig. 2A4 ] in isolated rat cardiomyocytes [A] and rat heart [B]. Fig . 1B:Immunocyto/histochemistry and confocal analysis of FGF21 protein in isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes [ B1 ] and rat heart [ B2 ]. MW.- Molecular Weight Marker for PCR products; BP.- Base Pairs; kDa.-kilo daltons. Fig. 2C -( a ): Trace recordings of left ventricular developed pressure [LVDP (mmHg)] and left ventricular contractility (dp/dt) in control (saline treated) groups; and Fig. 2C -( b ):[LVDP-mmHg] and dp/dt ratio in FGF21 treated groups - following 30 mins of global ischemia and 120 mins reperfusion. Fig. 2D: Rate pressure product [RPP (mmHg/min)] during global ischemia and reperfusion with or without FGF21 treatment [** P <0.01 vs. control]. Fig. 2E : Graphical representation of infarct area (%) in rat hearts treated with or without FGF21. Data shown are means ± SEM (n = 6, in triplicates). ***P<0.001; **P<0.01 vs. control.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Expressing, Isolation, Molecular Weight, Marker, Control, Saline

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3A1: Cardiomyocytes treated with FGF21 (100 nM) for 5–30 minutes. Phosphorylated ERK 1/2 [Fig. 3A1]; Akt [Fig. 3A2] and AMPK [Fig. 3A3] proteins are represented in relation to total proteins, expressed as fold increase over basal. ***P<0.001, **P<0.01, *P<0.05 vs. basal, n = 6 per group. Fig. 3B1: RPP with ischemia/reperfusion and FGF21 treatment following pre-incubation with inhibitors (TO-901317; wortmanin; Compound C or U0126) a P<0.05, b P<0.01 vs. FGF21 only treatment, n = 6 per group. Fig. 3B2: Infarcted area (%) following ischemia/reperfusion and FGF21 treatment following pre-incubation with inhibitors (TO-901317; wortmanin; Compound C or U0126) **P<0.01, *P<0.05 vs. FGF21 treated, n = 6 per group.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4A :FGF21 mRNA expression levels in cardiomyocytes following FGF21 (100 nM) treatment with or without pathway inhibitors [(U0126; wort (wortmanin); Comp C (Compound C) or TO (TO-901317)] (normalised to GAPDH and expressed as fold changes over basal). Fig. 4B : Graphical analysis of FGF21 protein levels following FGF21 treatment. Fig. 4C : Graphical representation of FGF21 ELISA measurements in the conditioned media following FGF21 treatment. Fig. 4D : Graphical representation of FGF21 ELISA measurements of rat heart Langendorff exudates following global ischemia for 5–30 mins and 120 mins of reperfusion; with or without prior FGF21 (100 nM) infusion. Data shown are means ± SEM of triplicates. The values represented are relative to basal. *** P <0.001; ** P <0.01; * P <0.05 vs. FGF21 only treated, a P <0.001 vs. basal, n = 6 per group.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: Using rat heart Langendorff model and inducing global ischemia for 30[ Fig. 5A1 ], protein [ Fig. 5A2 ], and secretion of FGF21 in Langendorff coronary exudates [ Fig. 5A3 ] were measured. Similarly, changes in FGFR1 mRNA expressions [ Fig. 5A4 ] were measured. Data shown are means ± SEM of triplicates. The values represented are relative to basal. *** P <0.001; ** P <0.01vs. control. n = 6 per group. FGF21 mRNA [ Fig. 5B1 ], protein [ Fig. 5B2 ], FGF21 secretion (in Langendorff coronary exudates) [ Fig. 5B3 ] and FGFR1 mRNA [ Fig. 5B4 ] expressions were measured in obese and lean rat hearts. Graphical representation of a key signalling component of FGF21/FGFR1; βKlotho protein level in obese and lean hearts [ P <0.05 vs.lean; Figure 5C 1 ]. Graphical representation of ERK 1/2 [ Fig. 5C2 ], Akt [ Fig. 5C3 ] and AMPK [ Fig. 5C4 ] phosphorylation levels in lean and obese hearts with FGF21 (100 nM) pre-infusion. Data shown are means ± SEM of triplicates. The values represented are relative to basal. * P <0.05, ** P <0.01 vs. lean control, NS -non-significant; n = 6 per group.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Control, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: LVDP (mmHg) and left ventricular contractility (dp/dt) in obese control (saline treated) groups [ Fig. 6A1 ] and lean control (saline treated) groups [ Fig. 6A2 ]; following global ischemia and reperfusion. Graphical representation of RPP (mmHg/min)] during global ischemia and reperfusion in obese and lean control rat hearts [ Fig. 6B ]. Graphical representation of the infarcted area (%) in obese and lean control rat hearts following global ischemia and reperfusion [ Fig. 6C ]. Graphical representation of FGF21 levels in obese and lean rat heart coronary effluents following global ischemia and reperfusion [ Fig. 6D ]. Data shown are means ± SEM of triplicates. The values represented are relative to basal. *** P <0.001 vs. t [0] time point, n = 6 per group.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Control, Saline

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Novel Insights into the Cardio-Protective Effects of FGF21 in Lean and Obese Rat Hearts

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087102

Figure Lengend Snippet: LVDP (mmHg) and left ventricular contractility (dp/dt) in obese control (saline treated) groups [ Fig. 7A1 ], obese (FGF21 treated) groups [ Fig. 7A2 ] and lean (FGF21 treated) groups [ Fig. 7A3 ]; following global ischemia and reperfusion. Graphical representation of the infarcted area (%) in obese control, obese and lean FGF21 (100 nM) treated rat hearts following global ischemia and reperfusion [ Fig. 7B ]. Graphical representation of FGF21 levels in obese and lean FGF21 (100nM) pre-treated rat heart coronary effluents following global ischemia and reperfusion [ Fig 6C ] . Data shown are means ± SEM of triplicates. The values represented are relative to basal. *** P < 0.001 vs. t [0] time point, # P < 0.05 vs. lean at t(5); n = 6 per group.

Article Snippet: The drugs used for the study were: rat recombinant FGF21 [R&D systems, UK], wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor), U1026 (MAPK inhibitor), Compound C (AMPK inhibitor), TO-901317 [ROR-α (Retinoic acid receptor-related receptor alpha) inhibitor]; TO-901317 (was initially intended as a therapeutic Liver X receptor (LXR) agonist in dementia , however recently, work by Uebanso T et al, have demonstrated its role in the regulation of FGF21 expression ) and collagenase (type I+protease type XIV).

Techniques: Control, Saline